"sea defence ship" or coastal defense ship was a type of naval ship used by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II for escort duty and coastal defense.[ REPORTS OF THE U. S. NAVAL TECHNICAL MISSION TO JAPAN, SERIES S: SHIP AND RELATED TARGETS. JM-200-G, S-01-2. Characteristics of Japanese Naval Vessels-Article 2, Surface Warship Machinery Design. Page 49-52]
Description
These ships were the Japanese equivalent to Allied
and
, with all three types of warships being built as a less expensive anti-submarine warfare alternative to fleet
.
[Potter, E.B.; Nimitz, Chester W. (1960). Sea Power. Prentice-Hall, p. 550] While similar, destroyer escorts of the US Navy played a slightly different role to that of
kaibōkan within the IJN, namely being that
kaibōkan were diesel engine ships that never carried torpedo tubes,
while many examples of Allied destroyer escort classes featured boiler and turbine machinery, and carried torpedoes; as a result of these design differences,
kaibōkan often proved inferior to Allied destroyer escorts when undertaking escort roles.
Additionally, because of these features of Allied destroyer escorts, they are more comparable to the Matsu-class, which the IJN considered to be 丁型駆逐艦, envisioned as general escorts with less firepower and speed.
[ REPORTS OF THE U. S. NAVAL TECHNICAL MISSION TO JAPAN, SERIES S: SHIP AND RELATED TARGETS. JM-200-G, S-01-4. Characteristics of Japanese Naval Vessels-Article 4, Surface Warship. Page 1]
Kaibōkan had some counterparts among Japan's Axis Powers allies: the 10 Kriegsmarine escort ships of the F-class, and Amiral Murgescu of the Romanian Navy.
In the course of the war, the design was simplified and scaled down to permit larger numbers of vessels to be built more quickly.
Old definition
Before the onset of World War II,
kaibōkan was the catchall name for various ships, from battleships to sloops, which had become obsolete. For example, the battleship
Mikasa was reclassified as a Kaibokan 1st class in 1921, after 19 years from her commissioning.
Classes
Ships of the first four classes were all named after Japanese islands.
(Ishigaki)
-
Also known as Type A – multi purpose patrol, escorts or minesweeper.
-
Main Engine: Diesel X 2, double shaft ()
-
Max Speed:
-
Range: ()
-
Fuel: Oil X 120t
(Matsuwa)
-
Modified Type A
-
Main Engine: Diesel X 2, double shaft ()
-
Max Speed:
-
Range: ()
-
Fuel: Oil X 120t
(Chiburi)
-
Also known as Type B
-
Main Engine: Diesel X 2, double shaft ()
-
Max Speed:
-
Range: ()
-
Fuel: Oil X 120t
(Okinawa)
-
Modified Type B
-
Main Engine: Diesel X 2, double shaft ()
-
Max Speed:
-
Range: ()
-
Fuel: Oil X 120t
Type C and Type D
Same design with different engines; diesels for Type C and turbines for Type D. More than 120 were mass-produced during the war, employing
modular design method.
Others
In addition, two former Chinese light cruisers were used, renamed
Ioshima and
Yasoshima.
See also
-
Convoy Hi-81
-
List of escort vessel classes of World War II
Footnotes
Notes
Sources
Further reading
